Jong-Hoon Kim (Daejeon, KR) has developed a new preparation method that can economically mass-produce nanocarbon in various forms such as nanodiamond, fullerene, nanographite, carbon onion, carbon nanotube, and carbon nanofiber at low temperatures. Kim's process does not require high energy as in an arc discharge process or other high temperature heating schemes or explosive means for preparing nanocarbon.
Kim’s method, detailed in U.S. Patent Application 20100119815, comprises the steps of: preparing a reaction solution by directly using a compound of 1:1 atomic number ratio of hydrogen and halogen among chemical compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and halogen or by inputting and dissolving them into solvent; inputting a base into the reaction solution; and performing a reaction by raising temperature. The reaction temperature is 300 degrees C or lower.
With the method, nanocarbons in various forms can be mass-produced so that prices are remarkably lowered, thereby facilitating the product shipment to the market. Also, the carbons in various forms such as diamond can be economically prepared and very fine carbon particles such as nanodiamond, nanographite, fullerene, carbon onion, carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers can be prepared at low costs.
FIG. 4 is a view showing a TEM photograph (nanodiamond SP3 structure) made by Kim's method.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a TEM photograph of nanocarbon made by Kim's method.
When metal or ceramic is coated with the nanographite or the nanodiamond, etc., the parts to be cut are very robust and have large abrasion resistance so that the working speed can be improved and the exchange cycle can be long. In the parts whose abrasion resistance is important, this technology increases a required period for repairing a partial machining process and an entire process, making it possible to steadily contribute to an improvement of productivity.
Also, when ceramic or polymer membrane is input to the reaction solution to perform the dehydrohalogenation reaction, the nanodiamond, etc, may be produced between the pores of the membrane. The pore size of the separating membrane is controlled through the method so that the pore with a precise nano size can be prepared and the hydrophilic property is imparted to the separating membrane so that antifouling property is increased and fluids such as a significant amount of water can be processed as compared to the non-coated membrane with the same pore size. This can be applied to several membranes such as polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, Teflon membrane, polypropylene membrane, polyethylene membrane, etc. The size of nanocarbon is significantly grown between the pores so that it can be used as a hydrogen gas separation membrane.
In particular, since diamond has excellent biocompatibility, the surfaces of the objects such as an artificial internal organ, etc. inserted into a living body are coated with carbon or diamond, making it possible to significantly reduce side effects within the living body.
Also, diamond, nanographite, etc. prepared to have the nano size may be used as solid lubricant, etc and are applied with proton beam, etc. so that they may be prepared as an ultralight, ultrafine nano magnet.
Since the nanodiamond coating has excellent antibiosis and antifouling property, it is applied to parts in a heat exchanger such as an air conditioner, etc. The parts and objects, etc., requiring the antibiosis and the antifouling property are applied with the nanodiamond coating with the excellent durability and abrasion resistance.
Also, a core shell structure may be prepared by preparing the nanodiamond by means of a smooth control of the reaction conditions during the reaction and by forming the carbon onion layer thereon. In this case, it can be used for the lubricant requiring a separate special performance, etc. The nanodiamond is used as lubricant additive and the nanodiamond coated with carbon may also be used as the lubricant additive.
Recently, nanodiamond has been widely applied to a drug delivery systems. The nanodiamond prepared by Kim's method can be prepared without including heavy metals. This nanodiamond is very clearly prepared while making the crystal growth. The inside of the nanodiamond prepared by an existing explosion method includes nitrogen and heavy metals. However, the nanodiamond prepared by Kim's method does not include nitrogen so that its purity is high, thereby improving several physical properties as compared to the nanodiamond prepared by the explosion method.
Also, an electrode is prepared using the prepared nanocarbon or the prepared nanocarbon may be applied to a super capacitor to manufacture products with high efficiency as well as may be applied to several fields such as energy savings, etc. by being used for a fuel cell, a secondary battery, a solar cell, a supercapacitor, a super conductor, a ferromagnetic material, medical supplies, cosmetics, a structure material, etc. at low costs
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